In BX v Unitatea Administrativ Teritoriala˘ [2022] IRLR 186, a case involving a firefighter and originating in Romania, the ECJ looked at whether time spent undergoing vocational training is working time under the WTD. In this case, the employer required the claimant to undertake 160 hours of vocational training at an external training provider’s premises, 124 of which were outside his normal working hours.