Nightwork can interfere with breastfeeding. Under the EU Pregnant Workers’ Directive, an employer must conduct an adequate risk assessment for a breastfeeding woman and make any adjustments to manage any risks (Otero-Ramos v Servicio Galega del Saude [2018] IRLR 159). This is an important case and, following a challenge from the Maternity Action charity, the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) revised its guidance for employers on carrying out individual risk assessments (see Chapter 3).