New directive on workers’ exposure to electromagnetic fields

A new directive on workers’ exposure to electromagnetic fields was adopted on 29 June 2013 and Member States have until 1 July 2016 to transpose the new provisions.

The new text takes account of the recommendations published by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) in 2009 and 2010. It introduces a system of exposure limit values (ELVs) “on the basis of biophysical and biological considerations, in particular on the basis of scientifically well-established short-term and acute direct effects, i.e. thermal effects and electrical stimulation of tissues.”

It does not address the long-term effects, as it is considered that there is currently not enough scientific evidence. But it does require the Commission to take into account new scientific knowledge in this area.

The Directive also allows for exceptions in medical applications using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for some sectors (subject to decision by Member States), but only if the circumstances duly justify exceeding the ELVs, and on a temporary basis.

It will mean that employers must assess the risks of exposure to EMFs and take measures needed to reduce them. If maximum exposure limits are exceeded, they must devise and implement a technical and organisational action plan.

The European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) criticised the directive at draft stage, saying that it “short-changed” workers and put them at “deadly risk” because it only covered short-term effects of exposure and disregarded the long-term effects.